Kukonzekera kwamankhwala ambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito piritsi, granule, ufa, ndi mawonekedwe amadzimadzi.Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a piritsi amaperekedwa kwa odwala kuti ameze kapena kutafuna mlingo wake wamankhwala.Komabe, makamaka odwala okalamba ndi ana amavutika kutafuna kapena kumeza mawonekedwe olimba a mlingo.4 Choncho, ana ambiri ndi okalamba safuna kutenga mawonekedwe olimbawa chifukwa choopa kupuma.Mapiritsi osungunula pakamwa (ODTs) atulukira kuti akwaniritse chosowachi.Komabe, kwa anthu ena odwala, kuopa kumeza mawonekedwe olimba a mlingo (piritsi, kapisozi), ndi chiopsezo cha asphyxiation chimakhalabe ngakhale nthawi yochepa ya kusungunuka / kupasuka.Njira zoperekera mankhwala kwa Oral thin film (OTF) ndi njira ina yabwino pazimenezi.The mkamwa bioavailability wa mankhwala ambiri sikokwanira chifukwa cha michere, wamba woyamba pass metabolism, ndi pH m'mimba.Mankhwala ochiritsira oterewa akhala akuperekedwa kwa makolo ndipo awonetsa kutsata kwapang'onopang'ono kwa odwala.Mikhalidwe ngati imeneyi yatsegula njira yoti makampani opanga mankhwala akhazikitse njira zina zonyamulira mankhwala popanga mafilimu owonda otayika/osungunuka mkamwa.Kuopa kumira, komwe kungakhale koopsa ndi ODTs, kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi magulu odwalawa.Kuwonongeka kwachangu / kutha kwa machitidwe operekera mankhwala a OTF ndi njira ina yabwino kuposa ma ODT mwa odwala omwe amaopa kupuma.Akayikidwa pa lilime, ma OTF amanyowa nthawi yomweyo ndi malovu.Zotsatira zake, amamwazikana ndi/kapena kusungunuka kuti atulutse mankhwalawa kuti azitha kuyamwa mwadongosolo komanso/kapena m'deralo.
Mafilimu osungunula / osungunuka amatha kufotokozedwa motere: "Awa ndi machitidwe operekera mankhwala omwe amawatulutsa mwamsanga mankhwalawo posungunula kapena kumamatira mucosa ndi malovu mkati mwa masekondi angapo chifukwa ali ndi ma polima osungunuka m'madzi pamene aikidwa. m’kamwa kapena pa lilime”.The sublingual mucosa ali mkulu nembanemba permeability chifukwa chochepa thupi nembanemba kapangidwe ndi mkulu vascularization.Chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi kumeneku, kumapereka bioavailability wabwino kwambiri.Kuchulukitsidwa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa bioavailability kumachitika chifukwa chodumpha chiphaso choyamba komanso kuloleza bwinoko chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi.Kuonjezera apo, mucosa wa m'kamwa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yosankha yoperekera mankhwala osokoneza bongo chifukwa cha malo akuluakulu komanso mosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mayamwidwe.6 Kawirikawiri, OTFs amadziwika ngati wosanjikiza wochepa thupi komanso wosinthasintha wa polima, wokhala ndi kapena popanda plasticizers mu nkhani zawo.Zitha kunenedwa kuti ndizosasokoneza komanso zovomerezeka kwa odwala, chifukwa zimakhala zowonda komanso zosinthika mwachilengedwe chawo.Mafilimu owonda ndi machitidwe a polymeric omwe amapereka zofunikira zambiri zomwe zimayembekezeredwa pa dongosolo loperekera mankhwala.M'maphunziro, makanema owonda awonetsa kuthekera kwawo monga kuwongolera momwe mankhwalawo amayambira komanso nthawi yayitali ya mankhwalawa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa dosing, komanso kukulitsa mphamvu ya mankhwalawa.Ndi teknoloji ya mafilimu ochepa kwambiri, zingakhale zopindulitsa kuthetsa zotsatira za mankhwala ndi kuchepetsa kagayidwe kake kamene kamapezeka ndi ma proteolytic enzymes.Makanema owonda abwino ayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa ngati njira yoperekera mankhwala, monga kuchuluka kwa mankhwala, kubalalikana/kutha msanga, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso kukhazikika kwapangidwe.Komanso, ziyenera kukhala zopanda poizoni, zowonongeka komanso zosagwirizana.
Malinga ndi American Food and Drug Administration (FDA), OTF imatanthauzidwa ngati "kuphatikiza chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zimagwira ntchito popanga mankhwala (APIs), chingwe chosinthika komanso chosaphulika chomwe chimayikidwa pa lilime chisanadutse m'mimba, chomwe chimayang'ana. kusungunuka msanga kapena kusweka m’malovu”.OTF yoyamba yotchulidwa inali Zuplenz (Ondansetron HCl, 4-8 mg) ndipo inavomerezedwa mu 2010. Suboxon (buprenorphine ndi naloxan) inatsatira mwamsanga monga yachiwiri yovomerezeka.Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti odwala anayi mwa asanu mwa odwala asanu amasankha mafomu a mlingo wosungunula / wosweka pakamwa kuposa mawonekedwe achikhalidwe okhazikika pakamwa. 7 Pakalipano, m'magulu ambiri omwe amalembedwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka pa chifuwa, kuzizira, zilonda zapakhosi, kusokonezeka kwa erectile dysfunction. , matupi awo sagwirizana, mphumu, matenda a m'mimba, kupweteka, kudandaula, kugona, ndi ma multivitamini osakaniza, ndi zina zotero. OTFs alipo ndipo akupitiriza kuwonjezeka.13 Mafilimu a pakamwa omwe amasungunuka mofulumira ali ndi ubwino wambiri pamitundu ina yolimba ya mlingo, monga kusinthasintha ndi kusinthasintha. kuchuluka kothandiza kwa API.Komanso, mafilimu a pakamwa amakhala ndi kusungunuka ndi kupasuka ndi madzi amadzimadzi ochepa kwambiri pasanathe mphindi imodzi poyerekeza ndi ODTs.1
OTF iyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi
-Ziyenera kulawa bwino
-Mankhwala azikhala osamva chinyezi komanso kusungunuka m'malovu
-Iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yolimbana nayo
- Iyenera kukhala ionized m'kamwa pH
- Iyenera kulowa mkamwa
-Ziyenera kutha kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu
Ubwino wa OTF kuposa mitundu ina ya mlingo
-Zothandiza
-Simafunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi
-Atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosatekeseka ngakhale kuti madzi sikutheka (monga kuyenda)
-Palibe chiwopsezo cha kubanika
-Kukhazikika kokhazikika
-Zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito
-Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kwa odwala amisala komanso osagwirizana
-Pakamwa pamakhala zotsalira pang'ono kapena mulibe
- Imadutsa m'mimba ndikuwonjezera bioavailability
-Mlingo wochepa komanso zotsatira zochepa
-Imatipatsa mlingo wolondola kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe amadzimadzi
-Palibe chifukwa choyezera, chomwe ndi choyipa chofunikira mumitundu yamadzimadzi
-Amasiya kumva bwino mkamwa
- Amapereka zotsatira zofulumira pamikhalidwe yomwe imafuna kulowererapo mwachangu, mwachitsanzo, kuukira kwapang'onopang'ono monga mphumu ndi matenda a intraoral.
-Kumawonjezera mayamwidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala
- Amapereka bioavailability wowonjezereka wa mankhwala osasungunuka m'madzi, makamaka popereka malo ochulukirapo ndikusungunuka mwachangu.
-Simalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse monga kuyankhula ndi kumwa
- Amapereka makonzedwe a mankhwala omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba
-Ili ndi msika womwe ukukulirakulira komanso zinthu zosiyanasiyana
-Ikhoza kupangidwa ndikuyika pamsika mkati mwa miyezi 12-16
Nkhaniyi yachokera pa intaneti, chonde lemberani kuti muphwanye!
©Ufulu2021 Turk J Pharm Sci, Lofalitsidwa ndi Galenos Publishing House.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-01-2021